Learning Objectives
Understand containerization technology and the CaaS Cloud model
Master the architecture and system components of Kubernetes
Master Kubernetes application objects: Pods, Deployments, Services, Ingress, and more
Operate a Kubernetes distribution and manipulate YAML manifests
Understand Kubernetes networking, storage, and security models
Explore multi-cloud strategies, service mesh, and Cloud migration patterns
Cloud Computing Fundamentals
Understanding the cloud ecosystem and its service models
What is Cloud Computing ?
NIST definition, 5 essential characteristics: on-demand self-service, network access, resource pooling, elasticity, metered service
Data Explosion & Industry Drivers
Big Data trends, connected world, enterprise challenges, and the need for new IT approaches
Cloud Service & Deployment Models
IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, CaaS — Public, Private, Hybrid, Community — Traditional vs. modern IT
DevOps & Cloud Synergy
CI/CD fundamentals, why Cloud + DevOps is the winning combination
Container Technology
From VMs to containers — understanding the paradigm shift
Pets vs. Cattle
VMs vs. Containers philosophy — from stateful servers to disposable instances
Containers History
From chroot (1979) to LXC, Docker (2013), libcontainer, Kubernetes v1 (2015)
Underlying Concepts
Cgroups, Namespaces, Union File Systems, Networking (veth, bridges, overlays), Security (SELinux, AppArmor, seccomp)
Image Layers & Registries
OCI image format, Dockerfile layers, container registries (Harbor, Docker Hub), image management
Container Runtimes & Ecosystem
OCI standards, runtime options, and the container landscape
OCI Standards
Open Container Initiative, runtime specification, image specification, runc
Docker vs. Podman vs. containerD
Daemon-based vs. daemonless architectures, rootless containers, CRI compatibility
Kata Containers & Beyond
VM-based container isolation, container OS (Atomic, CoreOS, RancherOS)
Docker Lab
Quick hands-on: build, run, and manage containers
⚡ Hands-on LabContainer Orchestration & CNCF
Why orchestration matters and the Kubernetes ecosystem
Why Orchestration?
Standalone vs. cluster mode — auto-scaling, scheduling, service discovery, self-healing
Market Landscape
Kubernetes as the de facto standard, Swarm, Mesos, and why K8s won
CNCF Ecosystem
Graduated, incubating & sandbox projects — Cloud Native Landscape — the 4o strategy (Open Source, Standard, Design, Community)
CNCF Certifications
CKA (Certified Kubernetes Administrator) & CKAD (Certified Kubernetes Application Developer)
Kubernetes Architecture
Control plane, data plane, and system components
Control Plane
API Server, etcd, Scheduler, Controller Manager — how the brain of the cluster operates
Data Plane (Worker Nodes)
kubelet, kube-proxy, container runtime — where workloads actually run
CRI, CNI, CSI
Container Runtime Interface, Container Network Interface, Container Storage Interface — plugin architecture
Add-ons
CoreDNS, Calico/Flannel/Cilium, Dashboard, Cloud-Provider integrations
Kubernetes API, Objects & kubectl
Declarative model, YAML manifests, and the command-line interface
Declarative vs. Imperative
Desired state, spec & reconciliation loop, API groups & maturity (alpha / beta / stable)
YAML & JSON Manifests
Object model: apiVersion, kind, metadata — understanding resource definitions
kubectl Deep Dive
Kubeconfig, context management, essential commands, API interaction
Namespaces, Labels & Selectors
Multi-tenancy, label-based grouping, equality & set-based selectors, nodeSelector
⚡ Lab: kubectl, Pods, NamespacesWorkloads & Controllers
Pods, Deployments, StatefulSets, DaemonSets, Jobs, and scaling
Pods
Atomic unit of K8S — multi-container patterns, pod lifecycle & phases, resource quotas (requests & limits)
ReplicaSets & Deployments
Self-healing replicas, rolling updates, rollbacks, revisionHistoryLimit, update strategies
StatefulSets
Stable network identity, persistent storage, ordered deployment & scaling
DaemonSets, Jobs & CronJobs
Node-level agents, batch processing, cron-scheduled workloads, parallelism
Probes
Liveness, Readiness & Startup probes — ExecAction, TCPSocket, HTTPGet handlers
Scaling
Manual scaling, HPA (Horizontal Pod Autoscaler), node scaling, custom metrics
⚡ Lab: Deployments, Services, Autoscaling, UpdatesNetworking & Services
Service types, Ingress, CNI plugins, and network model
Networking Fundamentals
Pod network, service network, networking rules — container-to-container, pod-to-pod, pod-to-service, external-to-service
Services
ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer, ExternalName — DNS naming, kube-proxy, iptables & IPVS
Ingress & Ingress Controllers
Layer 7 routing, SSL termination, virtual hosting — NGINX, Traefik, HAProxy, Istio, etc.
CNI Plugins
Flannel, Calico, Cilium, Weave — pod-to-pod overlay networking (VXLAN), SDN concepts
Storage
Volumes, PersistentVolumes, StorageClasses, and CSI
Volumes
emptyDir, hostPath, NFS, Cloud block storage — volume types and mount configuration
PV, PVC & StorageClasses
PersistentVolumes, PersistentVolumeClaims, dynamic provisioning, access modes, reclaim policies
CSI — Container Storage Interface
Plugin architecture for storage providers, PV lifecycle phases
Configuration, Secrets & Packaging
ConfigMaps, Secrets, Helm, and Kustomize
ConfigMaps & Secrets
Decoupling config from code, environment variables, volume mounts, secret types (Opaque, TLS, docker-registry), encryption at rest
⚡ Lab: ConfigMap & SecretHelm — The K8S Package Manager
Charts structure, values.yaml, templates, repositories, releases, Helm
⚡ Lab: HelmKustomize
Template-free configuration customization, overlays and bases
Advanced Topics
Security, RBAC, service mesh, FaaS, chaos engineering, and extensibility
RBAC & Security
Roles, ClusterRoles, RoleBindings — 8 container security layers — market solutions (Trivy, Clair, Falco, NeuVector…)
Service Mesh
Sidecar proxies, Istio — service discovery, circuit breaking, A/B testing, mTLS — benefits & limitations
FaaS / Serverless on K8s
Function-as-a-Service concepts, event-driven architectures, benefits & limits
Chaos Engineering
Chaos Monkey for Kubernetes, resilience testing in production-like environments
Extending Kubernetes
CRDs (Custom Resource Definitions), Operators, Aggregated APIs
Dashboards
Kubernetes Dashboard, Lens, K9s — web & terminal-based cluster management
⚡ Lab: Probes, DaemonSets, DashboardMulti-Cloud & Cloudification
Multi-cluster management, cloud migration strategies, and the 5R framework
Multi-Cloud Strategy
Definition, adoption stats, Cloud Broker role, benefits & challenges
Multi-Cluster Management
KubeFed, API aggregation — Google Anthos, IBM MCM, Red Hat OpenShift, Rancher, Platform9
Cloudification — The 5R Framework
Rehost, Refactor, Revise, Rebuild, Replace — migration drivers, component decoupling, Gartner recommendations
Target Certifications
CKA
Certified Kubernetes Administrator — validates your skills in managing and operating K8s clusters
CKAD
Certified Kubernetes Application Developer — validates your ability to design, build, and deploy Cloud Native apps
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